Eds: This story was supplied by The Conversation for AP customers. The Associated Press does not guarantee the content. Valerie M. Fridland , University of Nevada, Reno (THE CONVERSATION) Everyone has heard of Santa Claus, that chubby, white-bearded, red-suited guy who delivers Christmas presents via a reindeer-powered sleigh. But have you never wondered how he became a man of so many names? From St. Nick to Santa to Kris Kringle, it’s a marvel that Rudolph isn’t completely confused about whom exactly he is working for. So, as a linguist who studies the social and historical paths that deliver the words we use, the season’s festive lights and boughs of holly inspired a deep dive into Santa’s past to uncover what name we should really be using for the man in red. Ho, ho, ho It might feel like he has been around as long as the North Pole, but the Santa Claus name so frequently mentioned by Americans to refer to old Saint Nicholas come Christmas Eve is a surprisingly recent moniker. The first written citation for “Santa Claus” does not appear in the U.S. until the late 18th century, where it was alluded to in a mention of a religious event in the New York Gazette: “Last Monday the Anniversary of St. Nicholas, otherwise called St. A Claus , was celebrated at Protestant-Hall.” The fact that the first citation appeared in New York is not unusual, given New York’s history until 1664 as a Dutch colony and the ongoing presence of Dutch settlers in that area. This Dutch background is key because Santa Claus is in fact a borrowing into English of the Dutch name Sinter Klaas, which sometimes dialectally appeared as Sante Klaas. Still, before the 1830s, the substitution of Santa Claus for St. Nick was not in frequent use. In fact, prior to vastly increasing in general popularity toward the latter half of the 1800s, its use earlier that century was often to invoke Dutch heritage and culture, as in the satirical writings of Washington Irving . For instance, a New York-based satirical magazine of the era had this to say in 1808: “The noted St. Nicholas, vulgarly called Santa claus − of all the saints in the kalendar the most venerated by true hollanders, and their unsophisticated descendants.” But, by the 1820s, a children’s book introduced Sante Claus in a sleigh pulled by reindeer, suggesting that his modern reputation was established by then. His iconic attire, though, didn’t become his standard uniform until a Coca-Cola advertisement depicted him in red-suited splendor over a century later in 1930. Before then, Santa’s outfits had spanned the range from green and yellow to even patriotic stars and stripes . Old Saint Nick The popular term for Santa prior to this period was Saint Nicholas, a name known from the religious observance of the Feast Day of St. Nicholas on Dec. 6. The Dutch name, SinterKlaas , is actually a derivative of the name Saint Nicholas. Historically speaking, the namesake of Saint Nicholas was the highly charitable bishop of a Roman town called Myra during the fourth century. He had become the patron saint of children and was known as a man of great generosity. His background made him an easy candidate for later becoming associated with Christmas, even though he originally was celebrated on an entirely different day and for a different reason. Whether going by St. Nick or Santa Claus, the man’s enormous celebrity as the grantor of tangible wishes also turned out to be another legacy of the Dutch, for it was their tradition to give small gifts or sweets on St. Nicholas Day. And so, this Dutch tradition inspired the American mythologizing of a man with a sack of presents on his back to be delivered to children throughout the land. The Kringle wrinkle Another name for Santa Claus that grew in popularity in the 1800s was the name Kris Kringle. While Santa Claus was Dutch, Kris Kringle came by way of the Germans who first settled in Pennsylvania and then spread out , particularly in the late 1800s. The name Kris Kringle, though, was unrelated to Saint Nicholas. Instead, it came from the German word Christkindlein , meaning “Christ child,” referring to the baby in the manger. So, unlike St. Nicholas, Kris Kringle is more directly related to the Christian celebration of Christ’s birth. Over time, however, the feast of St. Nicholas, also celebrated by German immigrants, became increasingly merged with the celebration of Christmas in the U.S. Given the German influx into the United States was much greater than the Dutch during the 1800s, it is not surprising that the German name competed with the Dutch term during much of that period before Americans eventually decided to settle mainly on Santa Claus. A man of many names In the end, whether it’s St. Nick, Santa or Kris Kringle who rides his sleigh into the holidays, the history of how he got his name is one that illustrates a wonderful melding of languages and cultures – a reminder of how differences can merge into a rich and varied part of a culture, celebrated by many. The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts. The Conversation is wholly responsible for the content. Get any of our free daily email newsletters — news headlines, opinion, e-edition, obituaries and more.
Nearly half of American teenagers say they are online “constantly” despite concerns about the effects of social media and smartphones on their mental health, according to a new report published Thursday by the Pew Research Center. As in past years, YouTube was the single most popular platform teenagers used — 90% said they watched videos on the site, down slightly from 95% in 2022. Nearly three-quarters said they visit YouTube every day. There was a slight downward trend in several popular apps teens used. For instance, 63% of teens said they used TikTok, down from 67% and Snapchat slipped to 55% from 59%. This small decline could be due to pandemic-era restrictions easing up and kids having more time to see friends in person, but it’s not enough to be truly meaningful . X saw the biggest decline among teenage users. Only 17% of teenagers said they use X, down from 23% in 2022, the year Elon Musk bought the platform. Reddit held steady at 14%. About 6% of teenagers said they use Threads, Meta’s answer to X that launched in 2023. The report comes as countries around the world are grappling with how to handle the effects of social media on young people’s well-being. Australia recently passed a law banning kids under 16 from social networks, though it’s unclear how it will be able to enforce the age limit — and whether it will come with unintended consequences such as isolating vulnerable kids from their peers. Meta’s messaging service WhatsApp was a rare exception in that it saw the number of teenage users increase, to 23% from 17% in 2022. Pew also asked kids how often they use various online platforms. Small but significant numbers said they are on them “almost constantly.” For YouTube, 15% reported constant use, for TikTok, 16% and for Snapchat, 13%. As in previous surveys, girls were more likely to use TikTok almost constantly while boys gravitated to YouTube. There was no meaningful gender difference in the use of Snapchat, Instagram and Facebook. Roughly a quarter of Black and Hispanic teens said they visit TikTok almost constantly, compared with just 8% of white teenagers. The report was based on a survey of 1,391 U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 conducted from Sept. 18 to Oct. 10, 2024.The gunman who killed UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson remains at large, but more clues are turning up, including the contents of a backpack believed to have belonged to the shooter. on Saturday that the backpack, which was found in Central Park, contained a Tommy Hilfiger jacket and Monopoly money. But it didn't contain a gun. The report was later backed by . The New York Police Department didn't immediately respond to a request for comment. Police divers searched for a gun in a Central Park lake Saturday, and the NYPD has said the weapon that the shooter used to kill Thompson . Images of the gunman showed him wearing a , drawing immediate attention as a potential clue to his identity. that it was in fact made by Peak Design, and the police examined it at a forensic lab in Queens. The presence of Monopoly money raised questions that it could be another cryptic message, after bullet casings found at the scene of the crime had the words "deny," "defend," and "depose" written on them, an apparent reference to practices in the insurance industry. Former Washington, D.C., homicide detective Ted Williams that the Monopoly money is the "killer playing games with the authorities. All part of a cat and mouse game." He added, "This killer knew they would more likely than not find the backpack, and he is leaving breadcrumbs to let [the] authorities know that he is in control, not them." On social media, that the Monopoly money could have been more of a political message, pointing out that the . The backpack adds to the growing list of evidence that's been collected so far, including images of the suspect from security cameras, a cellphone found along the escape route as well as a water bottle and a wrapper for a protein bar, both of which have been tested for DNA. A previous version of this article misstated one of the words written on the bullet casings. This story was originally featured on
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The Herzfeld Caribbean Basin Fund, Inc. Announces Retirement of Thomas J. Herzfeld from the Board of Directors and Named Chairman Emeritus; Names Cecilia Gondor Chairperson; Brigitta Herzfeld Named to the BoardRev. Clayton Summers, Local Columnist: A sensible way to way to care for Creation(TNS) — As people gobble up more and more data via scrolling, streaming and shopping online, developers plan to pour more than $2 billion into data centers in Merrillville. Data consumption has been skyrocketing for AI chatbots, digitalized medical records, online banking and cat videos. Now Newport Beach, California-based Province Group plans to invest up to $500 million into the 1-million-square-foot Merrillville Technology Park data center campus near Colorado Street and Harms Road in Merrillville that will pay workers up to a projected $175,000 a year. Chicago-based Wylie Capital plans to develop a 1.2 million square foot data center at Broadway, 93rd Avenue and Georgia Street in Merrillville that could result in $600 million in investment and up to 200 mostly six-figure jobs. And Karis Critical eyes up to $900 million in investment in a data center on 180 acres on 101st Avenue east of Deep River County Park that would bring hundreds of jobs. "It's a huge boon to the tax base of course once these buildings are totally finished and operational," Town Council President Rick Bella said. "They have to be equipped inside, which is another tax base increase. The neighboring businesses that will come here because there are data centers of this size here is tremendous. We're building Liberty Estates now, a thousand housing units. We need people that are going to buy those houses and move in." It would pay high salaries to highly educated professionals like network engineers, computer programmers, computer support specialists and database administrators. "Those are the kind of people who are going to build new homes and bring their families to Merrillville," he said. "The trickle effect of these types of large businesses. You can't really put a dollar figure on it. It just keeps growing and growing." Data centers should help modernize Northwest Indiana's economy with high-paying, high-tech jobs, Bella said. "I think it helps put the Region on the map if we have data centers and more modern businesses," he said. "The steel industry and the oil industry are there and they helped build Lake and Porter counties. They've been there for decades but they're limited. These types of businesses help build a labor force, a smart labor force. These are different types of jobs with large salaries. It's going to build the economy of the Region." Stephen Muenstermann, the president of Cloudbusters and a Data Center Advisory Board member, said some academic studies would suggest that the $2 billion in direct investment in data centers in Merrillville could end up having an $8 billion economic impact in the town. "What happens is, if you look at things like autonomous vehicles and people doing surgical processes, they can't have any latency in the amount of time when they make the action they're doing remotely on the screen. They have to have precision timing," he said. "In order to do that, you have to have as few hops as possible to get to the source. So the more data centers you have in close proximity, the less jumps you have. If you design your network right and make sure you get a secure path with minimum microsecond wait time behind it, you can draw those types of businesses." Data centers could draw health care, financial, legal, cybersecurity and other firms. "They want to be close to data because they need it fast," Bella said. "There's a multitude of different businesses that will be here because of data centers." ©Arizona tourism director resigns amid conflict of interest claims
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Zurcher Kantonalbank Zurich Cantonalbank decreased its stake in shares of CorVel Co. ( NASDAQ:CRVL – Free Report ) by 18.9% in the 3rd quarter, according to its most recent Form 13F filing with the SEC. The institutional investor owned 1,737 shares of the business services provider’s stock after selling 406 shares during the period. Zurcher Kantonalbank Zurich Cantonalbank’s holdings in CorVel were worth $568,000 at the end of the most recent reporting period. A number of other institutional investors also recently made changes to their positions in the stock. SkyView Investment Advisors LLC boosted its stake in shares of CorVel by 0.8% during the second quarter. SkyView Investment Advisors LLC now owns 4,284 shares of the business services provider’s stock valued at $1,089,000 after acquiring an additional 34 shares during the last quarter. Arizona State Retirement System lifted its holdings in CorVel by 1.8% in the 2nd quarter. Arizona State Retirement System now owns 2,632 shares of the business services provider’s stock valued at $669,000 after purchasing an additional 46 shares in the last quarter. First Trust Direct Indexing L.P. boosted its stake in shares of CorVel by 5.4% during the 3rd quarter. First Trust Direct Indexing L.P. now owns 896 shares of the business services provider’s stock worth $293,000 after purchasing an additional 46 shares during the last quarter. GAMMA Investing LLC grew its holdings in shares of CorVel by 98.0% during the second quarter. GAMMA Investing LLC now owns 97 shares of the business services provider’s stock worth $25,000 after buying an additional 48 shares in the last quarter. Finally, Ellsworth Advisors LLC raised its position in shares of CorVel by 2.7% in the third quarter. Ellsworth Advisors LLC now owns 2,340 shares of the business services provider’s stock valued at $765,000 after buying an additional 61 shares during the last quarter. 51.36% of the stock is owned by institutional investors and hedge funds. CorVel Trading Up 0.2 % NASDAQ CRVL opened at $352.58 on Friday. The business’s 50-day moving average price is $332.73 and its 200 day moving average price is $301.06. CorVel Co. has a twelve month low of $218.29 and a twelve month high of $381.73. The company has a market capitalization of $6.04 billion, a PE ratio of 74.86 and a beta of 1.14. Analyst Upgrades and Downgrades Check Out Our Latest Analysis on CorVel CorVel Profile ( Free Report ) CorVel Corporation provides workers’ compensation, auto, liability, and health solutions. It applies technology, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing to enhance the managing of episodes of care and the related health care costs. The company also offers network solutions services, including automated medical fee auditing, preferred provider management and reimbursement, retrospective utilization review, facility claim review, professional review, pharmacy, directed care, clearinghouse, independent medical examination, and inpatient medical bill review services, as well as Medicare solutions. Read More Want to see what other hedge funds are holding CRVL? Visit HoldingsChannel.com to get the latest 13F filings and insider trades for CorVel Co. ( NASDAQ:CRVL – Free Report ). Receive News & Ratings for CorVel Daily - Enter your email address below to receive a concise daily summary of the latest news and analysts' ratings for CorVel and related companies with MarketBeat.com's FREE daily email newsletter .
Leo – (23rd July to 22nd August) Weekly Horoscope Prediction says, spread happiness around Settle frictions in the love affair and value the partner. The professional schedule will be packed but you will see success. No health or wealth issue exists. You may see minor friction in the relationship but this will be settled. Overcome the work-related challenges to obtain new roles at the office. Finance and health will be normal this week. Leo Love Horoscope This Week Shower affection on the partner to receive it back. All minor frictions will be settled and you will share some happy moments with the lover. Do not let a third person dictate things in the love affair and married females should also have an eye on the spouse. You should avoid unpleasant discussions which may impact your relationship. Married females may also conceive this week. Single Leos will fall in love. Leo Career Horoscope This Week Consider taking up new tasks that will also test your mettle at work. You should be careful to avoid office politics and also ensure all assigned tasks are handled diligently. Those who are new to the office must be careful about making opinions ass seniors may not like this. Do not give up the opportunities to prove the caliber. It is wise to be careful while signing new partnerships this week. You may also expect appreciation from clients, especially when you are into finance, offshore sales, and healthcare. Leo Money Horoscope This Week Financially you will be good. However, it is wise to have control of the expenditure. Some investments may not bring in the expected results. You may go ahead with the plan to buy a two-wheeler or invest in property. Some females will have monetary issues within the family. Businessmen will be successful in clearing all pending dues. This week is also good to try luck in stock, trade, and speculative business. Leo Health Horoscope This Week Go for morning or evening walks as this would improve your blood circulation and improve your fitness considerably. Reduce the intake of oily and spicy food and instead add more leafy vegetables to the diet. If you make any travel plans, try to go out to places that would make you feel more relaxed and rejuvenated. Seniors must also ensure that all medicines are taken on time. Leo Sign Attributes Strength: Generous, Loyal, Energetic, Enthusiastic Weakness: Arrogant, Luxury seeker, Careless, and Self-complacent Symbol: Lion Element: Fire Body Part : Heart & Spine Sign Ruler : Sun Lucky Day : Sunday Lucky Color: Golden Lucky Number : 19 Lucky Stone : Ruby Leo Sign Compatibility Chart Natural affinity: Aries, Gemini, Libra, Sagittarius Good compatibility: Leo, Aquarius Fair compatibility: Cancer, Virgo, Capricorn, Pisces Less compatibility: Taurus, Scorpio By: Dr. J. N. Pandey Vedic Astrology & Vastu Expert Website: www.astrologerjnpandey.com E-mail: djnpandey@gmail.com Phone: 91-9811107060 (WhatsApp Only)Element Receives SBTi Validation of Near-Term Targets
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The best new tabletop RPG books of 2024NEW YORK , Dec. 11, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Report with the AI impact on market trends - The global iron ore market size is estimated to grow by USD 57.5 billion from 2024 to 2028, according to Technavio. The market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 3.2% during the forecast period. For comprehensive forecast and historic data on regions,market segments, customer landscape, and companies- Click for the snapshot of this report Region Outlook 1. APAC - APAC is estimated to contribute 89%. To the growth of the global market. The Iron Ore Market report forecasts market growth by revenue at global, regional & country levels from 2017 to 2027. The iron ore market in APAC is anticipated to expand due to the rising demand for steel in the region. This demand is driven by industrialization and infrastructure development projects in countries like Indonesia , South Korea , and India . Notably, Indonesia has announced a USD430 billion investment in infrastructure by 2024. Several industrial, commercial, and residential projects are underway in these countries, fueling the need for iron ore. Additionally, increasing government initiatives to boost steel production will further boost the demand for iron ore in APAC during the forecast period. For more insights on APAC's significant contribution along with the market share of rest of the regions and countries - Download a FREE Sample Segmentation Overview 1.1 Fines 1.2 Pellets 1.3 Lump 1.4 HBI/DRI 2.1 Surface mining 2.2 Underground mining 3.1 APAC 3.2 Europe 3.3 South America 3.4 North America 3.5 Middle East and Africa 1.1 Fastest growing segment: Iron ore fines are crushed forms of iron ore used in the production of sinter, a material essential for ironmaking in blast furnaces. Fines are mixed with a binder like clay and sometimes flux such as limestone during the sintering process. The advantage of using fines is their ability to be blended for optimal iron concentration and reduced contaminants. In the sintering process, fines are combined with coke breeze, limestone, and recycled sinter particles, enhancing blast furnace permeability for efficient iron production. Globally, iron ore fines are exported and traded for use in steel production, driving the growth of the iron ore fines market. Get a glance at the market contribution of rest of the segments - Download a FREE Sample Report in minutes! Research Analysis Iron ore is a crucial nonrenewable resource found primarily in the Earth's crust, predominantly as minerals such as hematite, magnetite, and goethite. These minerals contain metal iron, which is an essential component of steel, a versatile material with numerous industrial applications. Steel is used extensively in construction, manufacturing cars, and producing various appliances. Sedimentary rocks, including iron-rich formations, are the primary sources of iron ore. The mining and processing of iron ore involve extracting the ore from the ground and separating the iron minerals from other impurities. The resulting iron ore is then smelted to produce molten iron, which is used to create steel. Other elements, such as tungsten, manganese, nickel, vanadium, and chromium, are often found in iron ore deposits and can be extracted as by-products. The demand for iron ore is driven by the need for steel in various industries, including construction, automotive manufacturing, and residential and commercial building projects. Steel is used to create frames, panels, doors, engine blocks, gears, suspensions, and other components for cars, as well as hot-rolled steel for construction purposes. Market Overview Iron ore is a crucial nonrenewable resource found in the Earth's crust, primarily in the form of minerals such as Hematite, Magnetite, Goethite, Limonite, Siderite, and others. These minerals contain iron compounds that are essential for producing steel, a key material for construction, automotive industry, transportation, and various industrial applications. Iron ore comes in different forms, including lumps, pellets, and fines. Mining practices extract this resource from deposits, often located in sedimentary rocks or irregular iron nodules. The mining process involves equipment expenditures and can lead to environmental problems, such as waste materials, tailings, acid mine drainage, and airborne dust. Steel, derived from iron ore, is used in various industries, including building, car manufacturing, infrastructure, and more. It is a vital component in car bodies, trucks, and vehicles, contributing to their durability and strength. The automotive industry and transportation sector heavily rely on iron ore for fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles. Iron ore is also used in various industrial applications, such as pigment iron for paints, structural steel for buildings, bridges, and infrastructure, and in various manufacturing processes. Additionally, iron ore is used in the production of various other materials, such as tungsten, manganese, nickel, vanadium, and chromium. The demand for iron ore is high due to its extensive use in various industries. Consumers, including the construction, automotive, and manufacturing sectors, drive the market for iron ore. The mining and production of iron ore involve various processes, including sintering, pelletizing, and smelting, using equipment such as sinter facilities, blast furnaces, and steel mills. The iron and steel industry is a significant contributor to CO2 emissions, making it essential to focus on energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources. The industry is also exploring the use of hydrogen gas, steam oxidation, and other cleaner production methods to reduce its environmental footprint. Iron ore is used in various industries, including oil drilling rigs, catalyst industries, hydrogen gas production, and even in the production of iron oxide-based paints, UV radiation absorbers, and various consumer products like packaged food items and beverages. It is also used as a shield against radiation, in healing stones, and as gems. The mining and production of iron ore involve various challenges, including the handling of heavy media separation, ballast, and impurities. Foundries use iron ore in various manufacturing purposes, while energy storage and iron catalyst industries use it in their processes. Sinter plants and blast furnaces are essential components in the production of lump iron ore and iron ore fines, which are used in steel mills for manufacturing purposes. In conclusion, iron ore is a vital resource with extensive applications in various industries, from construction and automotive to manufacturing and consumer goods. Its production and use involve various processes, challenges, and environmental considerations. The industry's focus on productivity, energy efficiency, and the use of renewable energy sources will continue to shape its future. Start exploring market insights by Download a FREE Sample Report in minutes! Key Topics Covered: 1 Executive Summary 2 Market Landscape 3 Market Sizing 4 Historic Market Size 5 Five Forces Analysis 6 Market Segmentation 7 Customer Landscape 8 Geographic Landscape 9 Drivers, Challenges, and Trends 10 Venodr Landscape 11 Vendor Analysis 11.1 Anglo American; 11.2 Ansteel Group Corporation Limited 11.3 ArcelorMittal 11.4 BHP 11.5 Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. 11.6 EVRAZ plc 11.7 Fortescue Metals Group Ltd 11.8 HBIS Group 11.9 LKAB 11.10 Metalloinvest MC LLC 11.11 Rio Tinto 11.12 Vale 12 Appendix About Technavio Technavio is a leading global technology research and advisory company. Their research and analysis focuses on emerging market trends and provides actionable insights to help businesses identify market opportunities and develop effective strategies to optimize their market positions. With over 500 specialized analysts, Technavio's report library consists of more than 17,000 reports and counting, covering 800 technologies, spanning across 50 countries. Their client base consists of enterprises of all sizes, including more than 100 Fortune 500 companies. This growing client base relies on Technavio's comprehensive coverage, extensive research, and actionable market insights to identify opportunities in existing and potential markets and assess their competitive positions within changing market scenarios. Contacts Technavio Research Jesse Maida Media & Marketing Executive US: +1 844 364 1100 UK: +44 203 893 3200 Email: [email protected] Website: www.technavio.com/ SOURCE TechnavioSolana looks for bullish signal: Can it break through THIS zone?
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